You have to believe in yourself . That’s the secret of success .(Charles Chaplin , American actor )
　　人必须相信自己，这是成功的秘诀。 (美国演员 卓别林. C.)

[attach]109746[/attach]

destiny （命运）看作de+s+tiny，de-否定前缀，s谐音“是”，tiny微小的，命运(destiny)不(de)是(s)小事情(tiny)。A tyrant's authority for crime, and a fool's excuse for failure.命运：暴君作恶的理由，傻瓜失败的借口。destiny — statistics by another name 命运——统计学的代名词。
vitality （生命力）即vit(a)+al+ity，vita词根“生命”（如vitamin←vita+min，原义为“维持生命的胺类物质”，即“维生素”），-al形容词后缀，-ity名词后缀。vitality — the pursuit of life 活力——对生命的追求。
hypocritical （伪善的）看作hypo+critical，hypo-前缀“在……之下、次于”（如hypothesis→hypo+thesis论点→次于论点地位的→n.假设），critical批评的，“在批评之下的”→伪善的；名词形式为hypocrisy /hi5pCkrEsi/（虚伪，伪善）。hypocrisy —①the lubricant of society ②the most difficult and nerve-racking vice that any man can pursue; it needs an unceasing vigilance and a rare detachment of spirit 伪善——①社会的润滑剂②人们所能学到的最困难、最刺激的恶习；它需要不懈的警惕性和精神的高度超脱。
confess （v.供认；坦白；忏悔）即con+fess，con-一起，fess词根“说”，“把知道的全都说了”。同根词：profess /prE5fes/（v.声称；教授）←pro向前+fess说，“走到前面对大家说”。I'm not ashamed to confess that I'm ignorant of what I don't know.我不耻于承认对自己不懂的事情的无知。
pushing（有进取心的；急功近利的）←push推+ing形容词后缀。
acquisitive （渴望获得的；贪得无厌的）即acquisit+ive，acquisit为acquire（v.获得）之变形，-ive形容词后缀。
vulgar （粗俗的）谐音“浮哥”，“轻浮的哥哥”→粗俗的；名词为vulgarity（粗俗；粗俗的行为）←vulgar+ity名词后缀。Prejudices are what rule the vulgar crowd.支配庸人们的是偏见。vulgarity — the garlic in the salad of taste 粗俗——味觉色拉里的大蒜。
spectacle （场面；奇观）即spect+acle，spect词根“看”，-acle表“物”。同根词：spectator（观众，旁观者）←spect+ator后缀表“人”。Life is not a spectacle or a feast; it is a predicament.生活并非奇观，亦非盛宴，它是一种困境。
participatory （供分享的）即parti+cip+atory，parti(=part)，cip(=cap)抓，-atory形容词后缀，“抓取其中一部分”→供分享的。
enroll （v.招收；入学；入伍）即en+roll，en-使，roll名册，“使登记入册”。I like your institute but I do not want to enroll.我喜欢你们学院，但我不想报名去那里。
impulse （v.n.推动；冲动）看作im+pulse，im-加强前缀，pulse脉搏。There is one thing better than crushing impulse, it is using impulse.有一件事比压制冲动更可取，即利用冲动。
stir （v.搅动；激动；鼓动）与star（明星）只一元音字母之差，联想：star有stir的作用。Make no little plans: they have no magic to stir men's blood.不要作小计划，它们没有激动热血的魔力。
earnest （热心的，诚挚的）看作earn+est，earn赚钱，est即最高级，“很多很多人非常非常热衷于赚钱”。An earnest desire to succeed is almost always prognostic of success.对成功的热切愿望几乎总是成功的预兆。
contemptible （卑劣的）即contempt+ible，contempt蔑视，-ible可……的。

If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition — wealth, distinction, control over one's destiny — must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition's behalf. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. In an odd way, however, it is the educated who have claimed to have give up on ambition as an ideal. What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition — if not always their own then that of their parents and grandparents. There is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped — with the educated themselves riding on them.
　　Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs — The locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is, "Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious."
　　The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed. Consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are that ambition is driven underground, or made sly. Such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.

1.
If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition — wealth, distinction, control over one's destiny — must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition's behalf.
▲此句包含一个if引导的条件状语从句If ambition is to be well regarded，主句的主语是the rewards of ambition，谓语是must be deemed，而wealth, distinction, control over one's destiny既是插入语，又是the rewards的同位语。made on ambition's behalf是the sacrifices的补语。△本句中需弄清一些词汇的含义，如：distinction声望显赫或出人头地；worthy of对得起或不辜负；on behalf of为了。
2.
If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them.
▲这是一个并列关系的并列句。前一个分句又包含由if引导的条件状语，主句中的主语it指代the tradition of ambition。后一分句中who are themselves admired修饰people，the educated not least among them是people的补语。△注意people who are themselves admired指“自己也受人仰慕的人士”；not least意为“相当重要”。
3.
There is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped — with the educated themselves riding on them.
▲a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped是前面主句的补语，with the educated themselves riding on them是补语中的伴随状语。△hypocrisy虚伪或伪善，理解了这个词，后面的比喻就简单了。要理解这个比喻，最好把句中的马理解为ambition的象征。注意这个比喻和“亡羊补牢”没有任何关系，它的意思更接近于“掩耳盗铃”；在这里是指受过良好教育的人在自己的野心实现以后，从追求野心的过程中受了益，但他们得了便宜还卖乖，反过来谴责野心，并说自己并没有追求野心。
4.
Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs — the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago.
▲此处出现了两个比较级，less interested in success and its signs now than formerly和less in demand today than a decade or two years ago。△千万注意两句中的双重否定：“do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly”means“seem at least as interested in success and its signs now as formerly, if not more”，后面的do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago也是如此。
5.
What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar.
▲what一词指代的是that引导的从句，从句中as easily and openly as once they could又是下一层的状语，此外lest引导带虚拟语气的假设状语从句。△注意lest一词的含义（“唯恐”）和用法（引导虚拟语气）。而且在阅读过程中应该能够推测出pushing，acquisitive，vulgar三词都是贬义。
6.
The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive.
▲此句是用分号隔开的两个并列句，后面的一个分句中有一个where引导的定语从句，从整体上来修饰its public defenders，只不过先行词用了where。△要理解分号前后是从正反两个方面来说明人们对于ambition的态度，同时注意最后的定语从句中的那个双重否定，表达了作者的一种态度，说明作者对于野心的维护者是抱肯定的态度的，从而也能推出作者对于野心也是持积极态度的，而作者所不齿的是对于野心问题虚伪的、说一套做一套的做法。

分析句子：
Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools.

今日需要加強的單詞和詞組:
distinction [dis5tiNkFEn] n．①荣誉，著名  ②区分，辨别，差别
[同根]distinct [dis5tiNkt] a．①有区别的，不同的  ②明显的，清楚的  ③明确的，显著的
destiny [5destini] n．①命运  ②天数，天命，神意
deem [di:m] v．认为，相信
[同义]think，believe，consider，regard
vitality [vai5tAliti] n．生命力，活力
[同根]vital  [5vaitl] n．①(有)生命的  ②致命的，极其重要的
note [nEut] n．①(表示某种特殊含义的)声调，口气，调子  ②[常作-s]记录，笔记，随笔  ③短笺，便条  ④(外交上的)照会
hypocrisy   [hi5pCkrEsi] n．①虚伪，假装，矫饰  ②伪善(行为)，虚假的虔诚
[同根]hypocrite  [5hipEkrit] n．①伪善者，伪君子  ②虚伪的人，矫饰者  a．伪善的，虚伪的，矫饰的
item  [5aitem, 5aitEm] n．条，项，项目，条目
confess to  承认，坦白
lest   [lest] conj．唯恐，免得
pushing [5puFiN] n．①莽撞的，一意孤行的  ②有进取心的，有事业心的，充满干劲的，精神饱满的  ③推的，推进的
acquisitive  [E5kwizitiv] a．①贪婪的，(对金钱、财物等)渴望得到的  ②能够获得并保存的
[同根]acquire  [E5kwaiE] v．(尤指通过努力)获得，学到
      acquired [E5kwaiEd] a．(尤指通过努力)获得的，后天的
      acquisition [7Akwi5ziFEn] n．①获得  ②(尤指有用或受欢迎的)获得物，增添的人(或物)
vulgar  [5vQl^E(r)] a．①庸俗的，粗俗的  ②猥亵的，下流的  ③粗鲁的，不优雅的
[同义]coarse，indecent，improper，nasty，offensive，obscene
hypocritical  [7hipE5kritikEl] a．伪善的，虚伪的，矫饰的
spectacle  [5spektEkl] n．①景象，奇观，壮观，场面  ②[～s]眼镜，护目镜
[同义]sight，scene，glasses
[同根]spectacular  [spek5tAkjulE] a．壮观的，引人注目的  n．惊人之举，壮观的演出
in ample supply 供应充足
radical [5rAdikEl] a．①极端的，激进的  ②根本的，基本的  ③固有的，与生俱来的
[同义]basic，fundamental，extreme，utmost
[反义]superficial
participatory  [pB:`tIsIpeItErI,pE-] a．参与的，参加的，积极参与的，吸引参与的
[同根]participate  [pB:5tisipeit] v．①参与，参加(in)  ②分享，分担(in，with)
      participant  [pB:5tisipEnt] n．参加者，参与者  a．参与的，分享的
      participation  [pB:7tisi5peiFEn] n．①参与，参加  ②分享
phase [feiz] n．①面，方面  ②阶段，时期
enroll   [In5rEJl] v．①吸收(成员)，招(生)  ②登记(名字等)，记录  ③加入，入学，入伍
同义]enlist，recruit，write，record，register
[同根]enrolment  [in5rEulmEnt] n．①登记，入学  ②登记人数，入学人数
exceptional  [ik5sepFEnl] a．①例外的，罕见的，独特的，异常的  ②优越的，杰出的
[同根]exception  [ik5sepFEn] n．除外，例外，除外的人，例外的事物
formulation   [7fC:mju5leiFEn] n．①公式化的表述，公式化  ②系统(或确切的)阐述  ③规划，构想
[同根]formulate   [5fC:mjuleit] v．①使公式化，用公式表述  ②系统地(确切地)阐述(或表达、说明)  ③规划(制度等)，构想出(计划、方法等)
at all costs 不惜一切代价
impulse [5impQls] n．①冲动，一时的念头  ②推动，驱动
[同义]spur，stimulus
[同根]impulsive [im5pQlsiv] a．冲动的，由冲动造成的
stirring  [5stE:riN] n．涌动，激励
[同根]stir  [stE:] v．(stirred；stirring)①使微动，移动  ②搅动，搅拌  ③使行动，使奋起  ④引起，激起  n．①微动，移动  ②激动，轰动  ③搅动  ④骚动
prompting [5prCmptiN] n．①敦促，推动，激励，鼓舞  ②提示，提词
[同根]prompt  [prCmpt] a．①敏捷的，迅速的  ②[商]即时的，即付的  v．①促使，推动  ②引起，激起
profess [prE5fes] v．表示，声称，承认
sly [slai] a．①偷偷的  ②狡猾的
[同义]shrewd，cunning，tricky
[反义]frank，open
earnest [5E:nist] a．①认真的，诚挚的  ②重要的，庄重的
[同义]sincere，serious，resolute，eager
get on in life 出人头地
check [tFek] v．①使突然停止，制止  ②核对，检查  ③(暂时)寄放，(凭客票)托运(或寄放)  n．①停止，制止  ②核对，检查  ③寄存牌，存放证  ④格子图案，格子花样
[词组]check in  (在旅馆、机场等)登记，报到
    check out  ①(从旅馆、商店等)结账离去，办妥手续离去  ②检查，核查
    check up (on)  [美]检查，审查，查看
let out 释放，泄露，使知道
contemptible [kEn5temptEbl] a．不值得一顾的，可鄙的
[同根]contempt  [kEn5tempt] n．轻视，轻蔑
      contemptuous  [kEn5temptjuEs] a．表示轻蔑的，鄙视的
vigorously ad．用力地，有力地
[同根]vigor   [5vi^E] n．体力，精力，活力
      vigorous  [5vi^ErEs] a．体力旺盛的，精力充沛的，有力的

句子分析:
Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools.
1. 句子主干：we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles...
2. which now more than ever seem in ample supply定語從句脩飾spectacles
3.the critic…; the publisher …; the journalist ….三個並列名詞，作為說明fine hypocritical spectacles的例子。

give up on 对…表示绝望
note [nEut] n．①(表示某种特殊含义的)声调，口气，调子  ②[常作-s]记录，笔记，随笔  ③短笺，便条  ④(外交上的)照会
confess to  承认，坦白
hypocritical  [7hipE5kritikEl] a．伪善的，虚伪的，矫饰的
enroll   [In5rEJl] v．①吸收(成员)，招(生)  ②登记(名字等)，记录  ③加入，入学，入伍
[同义]enlist，recruit，write，record，register
[同根]enrolment  [in5rEulmEnt] n．①登记，入学  ②登记人数，入学人数
get on in life 出人头地
vigorously ad．用力地，有力地
[同根]vigor   [5vi^E] n．体力，精力，活力
      vigorous  [5vi^ErEs] a．体力旺盛的，精力充沛的，有力的