
You have to believe in yourself . That’s the secret of success .(Charles Chaplin , American actor )
人必须相信自己,这是成功的秘诀。 (美国演员 卓别林. C.)
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ambition [Am5biFEn] n.①雄心,抱负 ②(对名利等的)强烈欲望,野心③追求的目标
[同义]strong desire
[同根]ambitious [Am5biFEs] a.①有野心的 ②有抱负的
distinction [dis5tiNkFEn] n.①荣誉,著名 ②区分,辨别,差别
[同根]distinct [dis5tiNkt] a.①有区别的,不同的 ②明显的,清楚的 ③明确的,显著的
destiny [5destini] n.①命运 ②天数,天命,神意
deem [di:m] v.认为,相信
[同义]think,believe,consider,regard
worthy of 值得
vitality [vai5tAliti] n.生命力,活力
[同根]vital [5vaitl] n.①(有)生命的 ②致命的,极其重要的
odd [Cd] a.①奇怪的,古怪的 ②奇数的,单的 ③单只的,不成对的 ④临时的,不固定的
[同义]strange,queer,unusual,extra,remaining,spare
[反义]even,usual
give up on 对…表示绝望
benefit from 从…得到好处,得益于
note [nEut] n.①(表示某种特殊含义的)声调,口气,调子 ②[常作-s]记录,笔记,随笔 ③短笺,便条 ④(外交上的)照会
hypocrisy [hi5pCkrEsi] n.①虚伪,假装,矫饰 ②伪善(行为),虚假的虔诚
[同根]hypocrite [5hipEkrit] n.①伪善者,伪君子 ②虚伪的人,矫饰者 a.伪善的,虚伪的,矫饰的
formerly [5fC:mElI] ad.以前,从前
location [lEu5keiFEn] n.①位置,场所,地点 ②定位,安置,寻找,查明,勘定
[同根]locate [lEu5keit] v.①把…设置在,使…坐落于 ②找到,查明,探明 ③指出(或指明)…的位置
name brand 名牌,名牌商标,名牌产品
item [5aitem, 5aitEm] n.条,项,项目,条目
in demand 有需求
confess to 承认,坦白
lest [lest] conj.唯恐,免得
pushing [5puFiN] n.①莽撞的,一意孤行的 ②有进取心的,有事业心的,充满干劲的,精神饱满的 ③推的,推进的
acquisitive [E5kwizitiv] a.①贪婪的,(对金钱、财物等)渴望得到的 ②能够获得并保存的
[同根]acquire [E5kwaiE] v.(尤指通过努力)获得,学到
acquired [E5kwaiEd] a.(尤指通过努力)获得的,后天的
acquisition [7Akwi5ziFEn] n.①获得 ②(尤指有用或受欢迎的)获得物,增添的人(或物)
vulgar [5vQl^E(r)] a.①庸俗的,粗俗的 ②猥亵的,下流的 ③粗鲁的,不优雅的
[同义]coarse,indecent,improper,nasty,offensive,obscene
[反义]decent,refined,cultured,elegant,proper
be treated to 受到…款待
hypocritical [7hipE5kritikEl] a.伪善的,虚伪的,矫饰的
spectacle [5spektEkl] n.①景象,奇观,壮观,场面 ②[~s]眼镜,护目镜
[同义]sight,scene,glasses
[同根]spectacular [spek5tAkjulE] a.壮观的,引人注目的 n.惊人之举,壮观的演出
in ample supply 供应充足
radical [5rAdikEl] a.①极端的,激进的 ②根本的,基本的 ③固有的,与生俱来的
[同义]basic,fundamental,extreme,utmost
[反义]superficial
advocate [5AdvEkit] v.拥护,提倡,主张 n.拥护者,提倡者
[同义]defend,support
[同根]advocator [5AdvEkeitE] n.拥护者,提倡者
participatory [pB:`tIsIpeItErI,pE-] a.参与的,参加的,积极参与的,吸引参与的
[同根]participate [pB:5tisipeit] v.①参与,参加(in) ②分享,分担(in,with)
participant [pB:5tisipEnt] n.参加者,参与者 a.参与的,分享的
participation [pB:7tisi5peiFEn] n.①参与,参加 ②分享
phase [feiz] n.①面,方面 ②阶段,时期
enroll [In5rEJl] v.①吸收(成员),招(生) ②登记(名字等),记录 ③加入,入学,入伍
[同义]enlist,recruit,write,record,register
[同根]enrolment [in5rEulmEnt] n.①登记,入学 ②登记人数,入学人数
exceptional [ik5sepFEnl] a.①例外的,罕见的,独特的,异常的 ②优越的,杰出的
[同根]exception [ik5sepFEn] n.除外,例外,除外的人,例外的事物
formulation [7fC:mju5leiFEn] n.①公式化的表述,公式化 ②系统(或确切的)阐述 ③规划,构想
[同根]formulate [5fC:mjuleit] v.①使公式化,用公式表述 ②系统地(确切地)阐述(或表达、说明) ③规划(制度等),构想出(计划、方法等)
at all costs 不惜一切代价
angle [5AN^l] n.①方面,角度,观点,立场 ②角 ③角度
unimpressive [5Qnim5presiv] a.给人印象不深的,不惹人注意的,平常的
[反义]impressive
impulse [5impQls] n.①冲动,一时的念头 ②推动,驱动
[同义]spur,stimulus
[同根]impulsive [im5pQlsiv] a.冲动的,由冲动造成的
at an end 完结,耗尽
stirring [5stE:riN] n.涌动,激励
[同根]stir [stE:] v.(stirred;stirring)①使微动,移动 ②搅动,搅拌 ③使行动,使奋起 ④引起,激起 n.①微动,移动 ②激动,轰动 ③搅动 ④骚动
prompting [5prCmptiN] n.①敦促,推动,激励,鼓舞 ②提示,提词
[同根]prompt [prCmpt] a.①敏捷的,迅速的 ②[商]即时的,即付的 v.①促使,推动 ②引起,激起
honor [5CnE] v.①尊敬,敬重 ②使增光,给…以荣誉 n.①荣誉,光荣 ②尊敬,敬意 ③[~s](学生的) 优异成绩,优等
[同义]glory,fame;respect,praise
[反义]dishonor,abuse
[同根]honorary [5CnErEri] a.①(学位、称号等)作为一种荣誉而授予的,名誉的 ②(职位、职务等)无报酬的 ③义务的
honorable [5CnErEbl] a.①荣誉的,增光的 ②可尊敬的,应尊敬的
[词组]in honor of 为了向…表示敬意,为庆祝,为纪念
on (或upon) one's honor 以名誉担保(说的是实话或不干错事等)
profess [prE5fes] v.表示,声称,承认
consequence [5kCnsikwEns] n.①结果,后果 ②重要(性),重大,显要,卓越
[同义]result,outcome
[反义]cause
[同根]consequent [5kCnsikwEnt] a.作为结果(或后果)的,随之发生的
consequently [5kRnsIkwEntlI] ad.所以,因此
[词组]as a consequence=in consequence 因此,结果
in consequence of 因为…的缘故,由于
take the consequences (of) 承担(…的)后果
sly [slai] a.①偷偷的 ②狡猾的
[同义]shrewd,cunning,tricky
[反义]frank,open
earnest [5E:nist] a.①认真的,诚挚的 ②重要的,庄重的
[同义]sincere,serious,resolute,eager
get on in life 出人头地
选项词汇注释
compensate for 补偿,赔偿
fame [feim] n.声誉,名望,鼎鼎大名,名声
customary [5kQstEmEri] a.习惯上的,惯常的,合乎(或基于)习俗的(这个词很奇怪不能改变字体,我用别的地方的字,格式刷的方法刷它,她就不见了!老大自己改一下吧)
[同根]custom [5kQstEm] n.①习惯,习俗,风俗 ②[Customs或-s][常用作单]海关,征收关税的程序
check [tFek] v.①使突然停止,制止 ②核对,检查 ③(暂时)寄放,(凭客票)托运(或寄放) n.①停止,制止 ②核对,检查 ③寄存牌,存放证 ④格子图案,格子花样
[词组]check in (在旅馆、机场等)登记,报到
check out ①(从旅馆、商店等)结账离去,办妥手续离去 ②检查,核查
check up (on) [美]检查,审查,查看
let out 释放,泄露,使知道
deny [di5nai] v.否认,拒绝
[同义]reject,refute,contradict
[反义]confirm,affirm,acknowledge
[同根]denial [di5naiEl] n.否认,拒绝承认,拒绝相信,拒绝接受
pursuit [pE5sju:t] n.①追求,寻找 ②追逐,追捕 ③从事,事务,娱乐,爱好
[同根]pursue [pE5sju:] v.①追赶,追随,追求 ②从事,忙于,继续 ③纠缠
[同义]chase,hunt
[反义]flee,escape
greedy [5^ri:di] a.①贪心的,贪婪的 ②渴望的,热切的
[同义]miserly
[反义]generous
[同根]greed [^ri:d] n.贪心,贪婪
contemptible [kEn5temptEbl] a.不值得一顾的,可鄙的
[同根]contempt [kEn5tempt] n.轻视,轻蔑
contemptuous [kEn5temptjuEs] a.表示轻蔑的,鄙视的
vigorously ad.用力地,有力地
[同根]vigor [5vi^E] n.体力,精力,活力
vigorous [5vi^ErEs] a.体力旺盛的,精力充沛的,有力的
momentarily [5mEumEntErili] ad.片刻,短暂地,立即
[同根]momentary [5mEumEntEri] ad.①片刻的,瞬息的 ②随时可能发生的 ③时时刻刻的,不停的
verbally [5v\:bElI] ad.口头上,文字上
[同根]verbal [5vE:bEl] a.①用言辞的,用文字的 ②口头的 ③逐字的 ④动词的
destiny (命运)看作de+s+tiny,de-否定前缀,s谐音“是”,tiny微小的,命运(destiny)不(de)是(s)小事情(tiny)。A tyrant's authority for crime, and a fool's excuse for failure.命运:暴君作恶的理由,傻瓜失败的借口。destiny — statistics by another name 命运——统计学的代名词。
vitality (生命力)即vit(a)+al+ity,vita词根“生命”(如vitamin←vita+min,原义为“维持生命的胺类物质”,即“维生素”),-al形容词后缀,-ity名词后缀。vitality — the pursuit of life 活力——对生命的追求。
hypocritical (伪善的)看作hypo+critical,hypo-前缀“在……之下、次于”(如hypothesis→hypo+thesis论点→次于论点地位的→n.假设),critical批评的,“在批评之下的”→伪善的;名词形式为hypocrisy /hi5pCkrEsi/(虚伪,伪善)。hypocrisy —①the lubricant of society ②the most difficult and nerve-racking vice that any man can pursue; it needs an unceasing vigilance and a rare detachment of spirit 伪善——①社会的润滑剂②人们所能学到的最困难、最刺激的恶习;它需要不懈的警惕性和精神的高度超脱。
confess (v.供认;坦白;忏悔)即con+fess,con-一起,fess词根“说”,“把知道的全都说了”。同根词:profess /prE5fes/(v.声称;教授)←pro向前+fess说,“走到前面对大家说”。I'm not ashamed to confess that I'm ignorant of what I don't know.我不耻于承认对自己不懂的事情的无知。
pushing(有进取心的;急功近利的)←push推+ing形容词后缀。
acquisitive (渴望获得的;贪得无厌的)即acquisit+ive,acquisit为acquire(v.获得)之变形,-ive形容词后缀。
vulgar (粗俗的)谐音“浮哥”,“轻浮的哥哥”→粗俗的;名词为vulgarity(粗俗;粗俗的行为)←vulgar+ity名词后缀。Prejudices are what rule the vulgar crowd.支配庸人们的是偏见。vulgarity — the garlic in the salad of taste 粗俗——味觉色拉里的大蒜。
spectacle (场面;奇观)即spect+acle,spect词根“看”,-acle表“物”。同根词:spectator(观众,旁观者)←spect+ator后缀表“人”。Life is not a spectacle or a feast; it is a predicament.生活并非奇观,亦非盛宴,它是一种困境。
participatory (供分享的)即parti+cip+atory,parti(=part),cip(=cap)抓,-atory形容词后缀,“抓取其中一部分”→供分享的。
enroll (v.招收;入学;入伍)即en+roll,en-使,roll名册,“使登记入册”。I like your institute but I do not want to enroll.我喜欢你们学院,但我不想报名去那里。
impulse (v.n.推动;冲动)看作im+pulse,im-加强前缀,pulse脉搏。There is one thing better than crushing impulse, it is using impulse.有一件事比压制冲动更可取,即利用冲动。
stir (v.搅动;激动;鼓动)与star(明星)只一元音字母之差,联想:star有stir的作用。Make no little plans: they have no magic to stir men's blood.不要作小计划,它们没有激动热血的魔力。
earnest (热心的,诚挚的)看作earn+est,earn赚钱,est即最高级,“很多很多人非常非常热衷于赚钱”。An earnest desire to succeed is almost always prognostic of success.对成功的热切愿望几乎总是成功的预兆。
contemptible (卑劣的)即contempt+ible,contempt蔑视,-ible可……的。
If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition — wealth, distinction, control over one's destiny — must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition's behalf. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. In an odd way, however, it is the educated who have claimed to have give up on ambition as an ideal. What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition — if not always their own then that of their parents and grandparents. There is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped — with the educated themselves riding on them.
Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs — The locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is, "Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious."
The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed. Consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are that ambition is driven underground, or made sly. Such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.
个人的雄心如果能被正确看待的话,那么它的回报——财富、声誉、对命运的掌握——则应该被认为值得为之付出牺牲。如果雄心的传统具有生命力,那么它就应该受到广泛的推崇,尤其应该受到那些自身得到他人羡慕的人们的高度重视,当然那些接受过良好教育的人也应包括在内。然而,恰恰是那些受过良好教育的人却不可思议地声称他们已经放弃了雄心壮志这一理想。奇怪的是他们已经从雄心壮志中获益颇多了——如果不是他们自己的雄心,那么就是他们父母的和祖父母的。这其中有着浓厚的虚伪色彩,恰如马跑后再关上马厩的门那样,而受过良好教育的人自己正骑在那些马背上。 当然,现在人们对成功及其标志的兴趣似乎并未比从前减弱,避暑别墅,欧洲旅行、宝马车——它们的位置、地名和商标可能会改变,但现在对这些东西的需求似乎并未比一二十年前减少。现在的情况是人们不能像以前那样轻易地、公开地坦陈自己的梦想,惟恐别人认为自己爱出风头、贪婪、庸俗不堪。相反我们目睹了比以前任何时候都多的虚伪景观:美国物欲主义批评家在南安普顿拥有一幢避暑别墅;激进的出版商到三星级宾馆就餐;倡导终生参与民主制的新闻记者却把自己的子女送进私立学校。对于这样的人,还有那些也许不太出色的人而言,“不惜一切代价获得成功,但避免让他人看出雄心勃勃”是对他们最好的诠释。 对雄心的攻击非常之多,出自各种不同的角度;公开为之辩解的则少之又少,虽不能说他们是完全没有吸引力的,但却未能给人们留下深刻印象。因此,在美国,作为一种健康的冲动,一种应该令人称羡并扎根于青年人心灵的品质的雄心,它所得到的支持也许比以往任何时期都低。但这并不意味着雄心已经穷途末路,人们不再感觉到它对人们的激励了,只是人们不再公开地以它为荣,更不愿公开地坦白了。当然这样就带来了很多不良后果,其中的一些后果就是雄心被赶入地下,或暗藏于胸。于是情况就成了这样:左边是愤怒的批评家,右边是愚蠢的支持者,而居中的通常是大多数认真而努力追求成功的人。
1.
If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition — wealth, distinction, control over one's destiny — must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition's behalf.
▲此句包含一个if引导的条件状语从句If ambition is to be well regarded,主句的主语是the rewards of ambition,谓语是must be deemed,而wealth, distinction, control over one's destiny既是插入语,又是the rewards的同位语。made on ambition's behalf是the sacrifices的补语。△本句中需弄清一些词汇的含义,如:distinction声望显赫或出人头地;worthy of对得起或不辜负;on behalf of为了。
2.
If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them.
▲这是一个并列关系的并列句。前一个分句又包含由if引导的条件状语,主句中的主语it指代the tradition of ambition。后一分句中who are themselves admired修饰people,the educated not least among them是people的补语。△注意people who are themselves admired指“自己也受人仰慕的人士”;not least意为“相当重要”。
3.
There is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped — with the educated themselves riding on them.
▲a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped是前面主句的补语,with the educated themselves riding on them是补语中的伴随状语。△hypocrisy虚伪或伪善,理解了这个词,后面的比喻就简单了。要理解这个比喻,最好把句中的马理解为ambition的象征。注意这个比喻和“亡羊补牢”没有任何关系,它的意思更接近于“掩耳盗铃”;在这里是指受过良好教育的人在自己的野心实现以后,从追求野心的过程中受了益,但他们得了便宜还卖乖,反过来谴责野心,并说自己并没有追求野心。
4.
Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs — the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago.
▲此处出现了两个比较级,less interested in success and its signs now than formerly和less in demand today than a decade or two years ago。△千万注意两句中的双重否定:“do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly”means“seem at least as interested in success and its signs now as formerly, if not more”,后面的do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago也是如此。
5.
What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar.
▲what一词指代的是that引导的从句,从句中as easily and openly as once they could又是下一层的状语,此外lest引导带虚拟语气的假设状语从句。△注意lest一词的含义(“唯恐”)和用法(引导虚拟语气)。而且在阅读过程中应该能够推测出pushing,acquisitive,vulgar三词都是贬义。
6.
The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive.
▲此句是用分号隔开的两个并列句,后面的一个分句中有一个where引导的定语从句,从整体上来修饰its public defenders,只不过先行词用了where。△要理解分号前后是从正反两个方面来说明人们对于ambition的态度,同时注意最后的定语从句中的那个双重否定,表达了作者的一种态度,说明作者对于野心的维护者是抱肯定的态度的,从而也能推出作者对于野心也是持积极态度的,而作者所不齿的是对于野心问题虚伪的、说一套做一套的做法。
分析句子:
Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools.
deem sth. worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition’s behalf: 基于旺盛企图心之故所做的牺牲
not least among them: especially
claim to have given up on ambition as an ideal: 放弃雄心壮志作为理想
…if not always their own then that of their parents and grandparents: if…then…end ifà呵呵…这不是程序语言中标准的条件句结构吗?
a heavy note of hypocrisy in this: a quality
a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped--with the educated themselves riding on them: 譬喻真有趣…
…now than formerly: 比以前更…
such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago:需求
…lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar: 以免 lest ….should….
Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious. 成功是一定要的,但,须保持低调…
…the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably lower than it has ever been…合理健康的冲动
This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed. 结构为 it does not mean that…that…but that…
Ambition is driven underground, or made sly. 不张扬,自己知道就好
Such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life. 事情是这个样的…
(注:本文作者貌似用满多所谓的 cumulative sentences 堆栈句:用以精简句子的结构而不必牺牲相对次要的语意成分,并且把每一句子的主旨和用以说明主旨的其它句子成分做区隔。值得花时间多读个数回…)今日需要加強的單詞和詞組:
distinction [dis5tiNkFEn] n.①荣誉,著名 ②区分,辨别,差别
[同根]distinct [dis5tiNkt] a.①有区别的,不同的 ②明显的,清楚的 ③明确的,显著的
destiny [5destini] n.①命运 ②天数,天命,神意
deem [di:m] v.认为,相信
[同义]think,believe,consider,regard
vitality [vai5tAliti] n.生命力,活力
[同根]vital [5vaitl] n.①(有)生命的 ②致命的,极其重要的
note [nEut] n.①(表示某种特殊含义的)声调,口气,调子 ②[常作-s]记录,笔记,随笔 ③短笺,便条 ④(外交上的)照会
hypocrisy [hi5pCkrEsi] n.①虚伪,假装,矫饰 ②伪善(行为),虚假的虔诚
[同根]hypocrite [5hipEkrit] n.①伪善者,伪君子 ②虚伪的人,矫饰者 a.伪善的,虚伪的,矫饰的
item [5aitem, 5aitEm] n.条,项,项目,条目
confess to 承认,坦白
lest [lest] conj.唯恐,免得
pushing [5puFiN] n.①莽撞的,一意孤行的 ②有进取心的,有事业心的,充满干劲的,精神饱满的 ③推的,推进的
acquisitive [E5kwizitiv] a.①贪婪的,(对金钱、财物等)渴望得到的 ②能够获得并保存的
[同根]acquire [E5kwaiE] v.(尤指通过努力)获得,学到
acquired [E5kwaiEd] a.(尤指通过努力)获得的,后天的
acquisition [7Akwi5ziFEn] n.①获得 ②(尤指有用或受欢迎的)获得物,增添的人(或物)
vulgar [5vQl^E(r)] a.①庸俗的,粗俗的 ②猥亵的,下流的 ③粗鲁的,不优雅的
[同义]coarse,indecent,improper,nasty,offensive,obscene
hypocritical [7hipE5kritikEl] a.伪善的,虚伪的,矫饰的
spectacle [5spektEkl] n.①景象,奇观,壮观,场面 ②[~s]眼镜,护目镜
[同义]sight,scene,glasses
[同根]spectacular [spek5tAkjulE] a.壮观的,引人注目的 n.惊人之举,壮观的演出
in ample supply 供应充足
radical [5rAdikEl] a.①极端的,激进的 ②根本的,基本的 ③固有的,与生俱来的
[同义]basic,fundamental,extreme,utmost
[反义]superficial
participatory [pB:`tIsIpeItErI,pE-] a.参与的,参加的,积极参与的,吸引参与的
[同根]participate [pB:5tisipeit] v.①参与,参加(in) ②分享,分担(in,with)
participant [pB:5tisipEnt] n.参加者,参与者 a.参与的,分享的
participation [pB:7tisi5peiFEn] n.①参与,参加 ②分享
phase [feiz] n.①面,方面 ②阶段,时期
enroll [In5rEJl] v.①吸收(成员),招(生) ②登记(名字等),记录 ③加入,入学,入伍
同义]enlist,recruit,write,record,register
[同根]enrolment [in5rEulmEnt] n.①登记,入学 ②登记人数,入学人数
exceptional [ik5sepFEnl] a.①例外的,罕见的,独特的,异常的 ②优越的,杰出的
[同根]exception [ik5sepFEn] n.除外,例外,除外的人,例外的事物
formulation [7fC:mju5leiFEn] n.①公式化的表述,公式化 ②系统(或确切的)阐述 ③规划,构想
[同根]formulate [5fC:mjuleit] v.①使公式化,用公式表述 ②系统地(确切地)阐述(或表达、说明) ③规划(制度等),构想出(计划、方法等)
at all costs 不惜一切代价
impulse [5impQls] n.①冲动,一时的念头 ②推动,驱动
[同义]spur,stimulus
[同根]impulsive [im5pQlsiv] a.冲动的,由冲动造成的
stirring [5stE:riN] n.涌动,激励
[同根]stir [stE:] v.(stirred;stirring)①使微动,移动 ②搅动,搅拌 ③使行动,使奋起 ④引起,激起 n.①微动,移动 ②激动,轰动 ③搅动 ④骚动
prompting [5prCmptiN] n.①敦促,推动,激励,鼓舞 ②提示,提词
[同根]prompt [prCmpt] a.①敏捷的,迅速的 ②[商]即时的,即付的 v.①促使,推动 ②引起,激起
profess [prE5fes] v.表示,声称,承认
sly [slai] a.①偷偷的 ②狡猾的
[同义]shrewd,cunning,tricky
[反义]frank,open
earnest [5E:nist] a.①认真的,诚挚的 ②重要的,庄重的
[同义]sincere,serious,resolute,eager
get on in life 出人头地
check [tFek] v.①使突然停止,制止 ②核对,检查 ③(暂时)寄放,(凭客票)托运(或寄放) n.①停止,制止 ②核对,检查 ③寄存牌,存放证 ④格子图案,格子花样
[词组]check in (在旅馆、机场等)登记,报到
check out ①(从旅馆、商店等)结账离去,办妥手续离去 ②检查,核查
check up (on) [美]检查,审查,查看
let out 释放,泄露,使知道
contemptible [kEn5temptEbl] a.不值得一顾的,可鄙的
[同根]contempt [kEn5tempt] n.轻视,轻蔑
contemptuous [kEn5temptjuEs] a.表示轻蔑的,鄙视的
vigorously ad.用力地,有力地
[同根]vigor [5vi^E] n.体力,精力,活力
vigorous [5vi^ErEs] a.体力旺盛的,精力充沛的,有力的
句子分析:
Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools.
1. 句子主干:we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles...
2. which now more than ever seem in ample supply定語從句脩飾spectacles
3.the critic…; the publisher …; the journalist ….三個並列名詞,作為說明fine hypocritical spectacles的例子。

需加强的词汇和词组
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vulgar a.①庸俗的,粗俗的 ②猥亵的,下流的 ③粗鲁的,不优雅的
hypocritical a.伪善的,虚伪的,矫饰的今日练习:
Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools.hypocrisy [hi5pCkrEsi] n.①虚伪,假装,矫饰 ②伪善(行为),虚假的虔诚
[同根]hypocrite [5hipEkrit] n.①伪善者,伪君子 ②虚伪的人,矫饰者 a.伪善的,虚伪的,矫饰的
in demand 有需求
confess to 承认,坦白
acquisitive [E5kwizitiv] a.①贪婪的,(对金钱、财物等)渴望得到的 ②能够获得并保存的
[同根]acquire [E5kwaiE] v.(尤指通过努力)获得,学到
acquired [E5kwaiEd] a.(尤指通过努力)获得的,后天的
acquisition [7Akwi5ziFEn] n.①获得 ②(尤指有用或受欢迎的)获得物,增添的人(或物)
vulgar [5vQl^E(r)] a.①庸俗的,粗俗的 ②猥亵的,下流的 ③粗鲁的,不优雅的
[同义]coarse,indecent,improper,nasty,offensive,obscene
[反义]decent,refined,cultured,elegant,proper
be treated to 受到…款待
hypocritical [7hipE5kritikEl] a.伪善的,虚伪的,矫饰的
spectacle [5spektEkl] n.①景象,奇观,壮观,场面 ②[~s]眼镜,护目镜
[同义]sight,scene,glasses
[同根]spectacular [spek5tAkjulE] a.壮观的,引人注目的 n.惊人之举,壮观的演出
in ample supply 供应充足
enroll [In5rEJl] v.①吸收(成员),招(生) ②登记(名字等),记录 ③加入,入学,入伍
[同义]enlist,recruit,write,record,register
[同根]enrolment [in5rEulmEnt] n.①登记,入学 ②登记人数,入学人数
at all costs 不惜一切代价
at an end 完结,耗尽
get on in life 出人头地
compensate for 补偿,赔偿
let out 释放,泄露,使知道
contemptible [kEn5temptEbl] a.不值得一顾的,可鄙的
[同根]contempt [kEn5tempt] n.轻视,轻蔑
contemptuous [kEn5temptjuEs] a.表示轻蔑的,鄙视的
give up on 对…表示绝望
note [nEut] n.①(表示某种特殊含义的)声调,口气,调子 ②[常作-s]记录,笔记,随笔 ③短笺,便条 ④(外交上的)照会
confess to 承认,坦白
hypocritical [7hipE5kritikEl] a.伪善的,虚伪的,矫饰的
enroll [In5rEJl] v.①吸收(成员),招(生) ②登记(名字等),记录 ③加入,入学,入伍
[同义]enlist,recruit,write,record,register
[同根]enrolment [in5rEulmEnt] n.①登记,入学 ②登记人数,入学人数
get on in life 出人头地
vigorously ad.用力地,有力地
[同根]vigor [5vi^E] n.体力,精力,活力
vigorous [5vi^ErEs] a.体力旺盛的,精力充沛的,有力的
Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools.
相反我们目睹了比以前任何时候都多的虚伪景观:美国物欲主义批评家在南安普顿拥有一幢避暑别墅;激进的出版商到三星级宾馆就餐;倡导终生参与民主制的新闻记者却把自己的子女送进私立学校。
vitality n.生命力,活力
[同根]vital n.①(有)生命的 ②致命的,极其重要的
hypocrisy n.①虚伪,假装,矫饰 ②伪善(行为),虚假的虔诚
[同根]hypocrite n.①伪善者,伪君子 ②虚伪的人,矫饰者 a.伪善的,虚伪的,矫饰的
vulgar a.①庸俗的,粗俗的 ②猥亵的,下流的 ③粗鲁的,不优雅的
[同义]coarse,indecent,improper,nasty,offensive,obscene
[反义]decent,refined,cultured,elegant,proper
enroll v.①吸收(成员),招(生) ②登记(名字等),记录 ③加入,入学,入伍
[同义]enlist,recruit,write,record,register
[同根]enrolment n.①登记,入学 ②登记人数,入学人数
sly a.①偷偷的 ②狡猾的
compensate for 补偿,赔偿
fame n.声誉,名望,鼎鼎大名,名声

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