2011NBF英语(包过班)2011NBF政治(包过班)2011NBF西综(高分班)2011NBF中医综合辅导购买NBF书籍,积分无忧
传06-10真题奖积分NBF押题有图有真相NBF包过班多科多优惠NBF万元奖励网友参与为NBF贴海报获大量积分
返回列表 回复 发帖 ‹‹ 上一主题 | 下一主题 ››

【幸运2009】【大型单词活动】与知识宝库两个月搞定考研真题词汇(第五十五天)-02翻译

【幸运2009】【大型单词活动】与知识宝库两个月搞定考研真题词汇(第五十五天)-02翻译

QUOTE:
人生路多歧,有舍取,有所为;有所不为,才能大有所为

学习内容请下载:
QUOTE:
[/quote]
[quote]
major   a.主要的,较大的,较多的 n.专业,主修课v.主修
[同根]majonty  n.多数,大半

involve  v.①包括,涉及②(常与in连用)使卷入,使陷入
[同根]involved  n.①复杂的②(与…)关系密切的,(与…)有牵连的
    involvement[in'volvmant]n.卷人,牵连

behavior  n.行为,举止
[同根]behave  v. ①举止端正,听话② [后接修饰词语]表现,(机器等)运转

alone   ad.单独地,独自地口.单独的,独一无二的。孤独的,独自的
[词组]all a1one独自一人,孤零零地
    let alone更不必说
    leave/let sb. sth alone听其自然,不要去管,让某人,某物独自留在那里

draw from 从…中获得,得到

trace  v.①追踪,跟踪②查出,找到③描绘,草拟 n.①痕迹,踪迹②微量,少许
[同义]trailtrackbittouch

state of mind心境,心情,思想状态

trait  n. 特征,特点,特性
[同义]featurecharacteristic

character  n.①(人的)品质,性格,(事物的)性质,特性②(小说、戏剧等的)人物,角色
(书写或印刷)符号,()
[同义]naturemakeupactorplayerperformerlettersignsymbol
[同根]characterisfic   a.独有的,独特的,典型的n.特性,特征,特色
    characterise/characterize  v.描绘…的特征,成为…的特征,刻画…的性格
[词组]in character与自身特性相符,如所预料
    out of character与自身特性不相符,非所预料

human nature   人性

and so on    等等
practice  n.①实践,实行,实施②练习,实习③惯例,习惯v=practise
[同根]practise  v. ①练习,实习②经常做,实践③遵循④从事
    practical  a.实际的,实践的,实用的
    practically  ad.①实际上,事实上 ②实用地,实际地
[词组]in practice①在实践中,实际上②熟练的③在开业中

advance   v.①使向前移动,促进②提出(建议等),提高(重要性、价格等)③使(未来事件)
    提前发生,(作为赊借)预先发放n.①前进,进展②(数量、价格、价值等的)增长,增加③预先提供,预付
[同义]promoteprogressproceedmove forward
[反义]retreat
[同根]advanced  a.①在前面的②先进的,高级的
    advancement   n. 前进,提升,提高
[词组]in advance在前面,预先,事先
    in advance of在…的前面,在…之前

discard   v. 丢弃,抛弃
[同义]abandondesertreject
[反义]adopt

partly because部分是由于,部分原因在于

explanatory   a.说明的,解释眭的
[同根]explain  v.解释,说明
    explanation   n.解释,解说,说明

item  n.①项,条款,项目②(新闻等的)一条,一则③产品,展品

obscure  a.①模糊的,晦涩的,费解的②昏暗的,朦胧的v.搞混,使难理解
[同义]mysterious
[反义]clearobviousevidentapparentexplicitdistincteminent
[同根]obscurity  n.模糊,晦涩,隐蔽

analyze   v.分析,分解
[同根]analysis   n[-ses]分析,分解
    analyst raenalistl n.分析者,善于分析者
    analytic(al)  a.分析的,分解的

natural selection []自然选择,物竞天择

evolution    n.①进化,演变②进展,发展
[同根]evolve   v. (使)发展,(使)进展,(使)进化

formulate  v. ①系统地阐述②规划(制度等),构想出(计划、方法等)
[同义]makeexplain
[同根] formulation    n.系统而确切的陈述或说明

interaction   n.相互作用
[同根]interact   v. 互相作用,互相影响
    interactive  a.相互作用,交互式的

organism   n.生物体,有机体
[同根]organ    n.①器官②机关,机构
    organic    n.有机体的,有机物的

assign   v. ①把…归因于,把…归属于②分配.布置③指派,委派④确定,选定
[同根]assignment   n. ①分配②委派③任务,作业

accessible   a. ①可(或易)得到的,易相处的②可(或易)接近(进入)
[同根]access    n. ①接近(或进入)的机会,享用的机会②接近,进入③入口,通道

available   a.在手边的,可利用的,可获得的
[同根]avail   v.有用于,有助于n[一般用于否定句或疑问句中]效用,利益,帮助
    availability   n.利用(或获得)的可能性,有效性

replace   v.  取代,替换,代替
[词组]replacement  n.①代替,替换②代替者,替换物

prescientific   a. 科学以前的,近代科学出现前的

entrench   v. ①确立,使处于牢固地位②用壕沟围住
[词组]entrench oneself进入壕沟驻守,()使自己处于稳固地位

dignity   n.尊严,高贵
[同根]dignified   a.高贵的,有尊严的
[词组]beneath/below ones dignity损害尊严,有失身份
    lose ones dignity丢面子
     stand on ones dignity保持自己的尊严

illustrate    v. (用图或例子)说明,阐明②加插图
[同根]illustration   n.说明,图解,例证

possession    n.①所有,拥有,占有②[pl.]所有物,财产
[同根]possess   v. 拥有,占有
    possessed a. 着魔的,疯狂的
    possessive a.占有欲强的
[词组]be in possession of sth. 拥有[占有、持有]某物
    come into sb's possession落人某人手中
    have possession of拥有

autonomous  a.自治的
[同义]self-governing
[同根]autonomy   n.自治,自治权,自主权
    autonomtst   n.主张自治制者,自治论者

self-governing     a.自治的

essential   a.①必不可少的,绝对必要的 ②本质的,基本的
[同义]indispensablecrucialvital
[同根]essence   n.本质,实质,要素

hold responsible for对…负责,是造成…的原因

conduct   n.举止,行为,品行
v. (~oneself) 表现,为人②处理,管理③经营,指挥④传导(热、电等)
[同义]behaviormanneractionmanagedirectleadguide
[同根]conductor  n.①指导者,管理人②(乐队等的)指挥,(公共汽车等的)售票员,向导

give (sb) credit for  ...而表扬某人

achievement   n. 成就,功绩
[同根]achieve  v.  ①获得,取得②完成,实现

shift   v.改变位置或方向,变动,移动,更换 n.移动,轮班,移位,变化

concerning    prep.关于

resolve    v. ①解决,消除②决定,打定主意要③分解.解析n.决心,决定.决议
[同义]decidedeterminesettle
[同根]resolute   a.坚决的,坚定的,不屈不挠的
    resolution    n.决心,决定,决议

reject   v. ①拒绝,不同意②驳回,拒纳,退回,抛弃
[同义]refusedeclineabandon
[反义]acceptadopt
[同根]rejection    n.拒绝,被拒绝的事

[ 本帖最后由 qi_ye60 于 2008-6-6 10:18 PM 编辑 ]
附件: 您需要登录才可以下载或查看附件。没有帐号?注册

原文请翻译:
QUOTE:
Almost all our major problems involve human behaviorand they cannot be solved by physical and biological technology alone.What is needed is a technology of behaviorbut we have been slow to develop the science from which such a technology might be drawn.One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mindfeelingstraits of characterhuman natureand so on.Physics and biology once followed similar practices and advanced only when they discarded them.The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find.The environment is obviously importantbut its role has remained obscure.It does not push or pullit selectsand this function is difficult to discover and analyze.The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years agoand the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be understoodhowevereffects once assigned to states of mindfeelingsand traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditionsand a technology of behavior may therefore become available.It will not solve our problemshoweveruntil it replaces traditional pre_scientific viewsand these are strongly entrenched.Freedom and dignity illustrate the difficulty.They are the possessions of the autonomousself_governingman of traditional theoryand they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.A scientific analysis shifts both the responsibility and the achievement to the environment.It also raises questions concerning“values”.Who will use a technology and to what ends?Until these issues are resolveda technology of behavior will continue to be rejectedand with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.

译文:
QUOTE:
我们遇到的几乎所有重要问题都涉及到人的行为,而且仅靠物理技术和生物技术是无法解决这些问题的。我们所需要的是一种行为技术,但是可能产生这种技术的科学一直发展缓慢。(61)难题之一在于所谓的行为科学几乎全都依然从心态、情感、性格特征、人性等方面去寻找行为的根源。物理学和生物学一度模仿类似的做法并且只有当它们抛弃这些做法后才得到发展。(62)行为科学之所以发展缓慢,部分原因是用来解释行为的依据似乎往往是直接观察到的,部分原因是其他的解释方式一直难以找到。环境因素显然是重要的,但是它的作用仍然是模糊不清的。它既不推动也不阻碍行为科学的发展,它具有选择作用,因而这种作用是很难发现和分析的。(63)自然选择在进化中的作用仅在一百多年前才得以阐明,而环境在塑造和保持个体行为时的选择作用则刚刚开始被认识和研究。然而,由于人(生物)和环境之间的相互作用已经逐渐被人们所认识,所以现在正开始从已知的环境去寻找一度认为是心态、情感和性格特征所造成的影响其根源所在。因此就可以建立一门行为技术。但是,如果行为技术代替不了传统的科学发展以前的观点,那它将无法解决我们的难题。而这些传统的观点是根深蒂固的。自由和尊严是难处之所在。(64)自由和尊严(它们)是传统理论定义的自主人所拥有的,是要求一个人对自己的行为负责并因其业绩而给予肯定的必不可少的前提。科学的分析把责任和成绩归因于环境。它还提出有关价值观念的种种问题。谁会使用一门技术?其目的何在?65)在这些得到解决以前,研究行为的技术手段就会继续受到排斥,解决问题的惟一方式可能也随之继续受到排斥。

精彩句子:
QUOTE:
1.

One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on.

  句子分析:

  第一、句子可以拆分为两段:One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science / continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on.

  第二、句子的结构是:

  1)主干结构是表语从句One difficulty is that...

  2)almost all of what is called behavioral science是表语从句中的主语部分,后面是简单的谓语和宾语结构。第三、词的处理:continues to trace behavior to继续针对……研究行为

  behavioral science  行为科学

  states of mind  心态,意识状态

  feelings  感情

  traits of character  性格特点

2.

The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find.

  句子分析:

  第一、句子可以拆分为三段:The behavioral sciences have been slow to change/partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and/partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find.

  第二、句子的主干结构是:主句+两个并列关系的原因状语从句之所以……,部分是因为……,部分是因为……

  第三、词的处理:

  the explanatory items  用以解释的要素(内容,项目)

  other kinds of explanations  其他解释方式

3.

The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.

  句子分析:

  第一、句子可以拆分为四段:The role of natural selection in evolution/was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, /and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual/is only beginning to be recognized and studied.

  第二、句子的主干结构是两个表示时间对比的并列句The role of...was formulated only..., and the selective role of...is only beginning to...每一个句子的主语都比较长,都是名词+介词短语结构。

  第三、词的处理:

  in evolution  在演化中

  formulated  阐述;表述;解释;论证

  shaping  形成(造就)

  maintaining  保持,维护

  recognized  认可,承认


今日练习:
QUOTE:
分析句子
They are the possessions of the autonomous (self-governing) man of traditional theory, and they're essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.

[ 本帖最后由 glorious_zzp 于 2008-5-24 10:38 PM 编辑 ]

TOP

draw from 从…中获得,得到
state of mind心境,心情,思想状态
trait  n. 特征,特点,特性
item  n.①项,条款,项目②(新闻等的)一条,一则③产品,展品
obscure  a.①模糊的,晦涩的,费解的②昏暗的,朦胧的v.搞混,使难理解
formulate  v. ①系统地阐述②规划(制度等),构想出(计划、方法等)
prescientific   a. 科学以前的,近代科学出现前的
entrench   v. ①确立,使处于牢固地位②用壕沟围住
dignity   n.尊严,高贵
give (sb) credit for  ...而表扬某人
reject   v. ①拒绝,不同意②驳回,拒纳,退回,抛弃

[ 本帖最后由 nancaiyulei 于 2008-6-7 04:30 PM 编辑 ]
1

评分人数

TOP

楼上的贝克街亡灵手脚真的快!bulldog 动用四肢,几乎一秒都不浪费,还抢不过您….的沙发!

分析句子:
They are the possessions of the autonomous (self-governing) man of traditional theory, and they're essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.
1.            句主干,由连词 and 联结两个并列从句
2.            第二个从句内,后置有另外两个定语从句(in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements),功能上用来修饰practices

Language Points:
1.         by physical and biological technology alone: 光靠
2.         similar practices:做法
3.         slow to change partly because…and partly because…:
4.         the role has remained obscure: difficult to understand
5.         The role of natural selection in evolution: 让自然做选择
6.         the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual:让环境作选择
7.         strongly entrenched: firmly established
8.         a person is held responsible for his conduct: ..hold sb. responsible…负责
9.         Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected: 从句提前结构

[ 本帖最后由 bulldog 于 2008-6-6 10:03 PM 编辑 ]
1

评分人数

别怕!别怕人家说:你好享受。
享受感觉:改变,成长,阅读,幽默以及挑战带来的每一种感觉。
--阿Q人生哲学

TOP

trace             v追踪,跟踪查出,找到描绘,草拟 n痕迹,踪迹微量,少许
obscure        a模糊的,晦涩的,费解的昏暗的,朦胧的v.搞混,使难理解
obscurity       n.模糊,晦涩,隐蔽
dignity           n.尊严,高贵
autonomous  a.自治的
autonomy      n.自治,自治权,自主权
autonomtst    n.主张自治制者,自治论者

[ 本帖最后由 wutong07260 于 2008-6-6 10:06 PM 编辑 ]
1

评分人数

只要心存希望,梦想总有一天会实现!

TOP

今日有待加強的單詞和詞組:
trace  v.①追踪,跟踪②查出,找到③描绘,草拟 n.①痕迹,踪迹②微量,少许
[同义]trail,track,bit,touch
state of mind心境,心情,思想状态
trait  n. 特征,特点,特性
[同义]feature,characteristic
discard   v. 丢弃,抛弃
[同义]abandon,desert.reject
[反义]adopt
obscure  a.①模糊的,晦涩的,费解的②昏暗的,朦胧的v.搞混,使难理解
[同义]mysterious
[反义]clear,obvious,evident,apparent,explicit,distinct,eminent
[同根]obscurity  n.模糊,晦涩,隐蔽
formulate  v. ①系统地阐述②规划(制度等),构想出(计划、方法等)
[同义]make,explain
[同根] formulation    n.系统而确切的陈述或说明
organism   n.生物体,有机体
[同根]organ    n.①器官②机关,机构
    organic    n.有机体的,有机物的
assign   v. ①把…归因于,把…归属于②分配.布置③指派,委派④确定,选定
[同根]assignment   n. ①分配②委派③任务,作业
entrench   v. ①确立,使处于牢固地位②用壕沟围住
[词组]entrench oneself进入壕沟驻守,(喻)使自己处于稳固地位
dignity   n.尊严,高贵
[同根]dignified   a.高贵的,有尊严的
[词组]beneath/below one’s dignity损害尊严,有失身份
    lose one’s dignity丢面子
     stand on one’s dignity保持自己的尊严
autonomous  a.自治的
[同义]self-governing
[同根]autonomy   n.自治,自治权,自主权
    autonomtst   n.主张自治制者,自治论者
give (sb) credit for  为...而表扬某人
分析句子:
They are the possessions of the autonomous (self-governing) man of traditional theory, and they're essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.
1.句子主幹的主語由兩個並列的成分搆成:They are...they are...
2.in which...定語從句脩飾practices.

[ 本帖最后由 ╪煙花飛舞 于 2008-6-7 09:50 PM 编辑 ]

TOP

trait  n. 特征,特点,特性
[同义]featurecharacteristic
obscure  a.①模糊的,晦涩的,费解的②昏暗的,朦胧的v.搞混,使难理解
[同义]mysterious
[反义]clearobviousevidentapparentexplicitdistincteminent
[同根]obscurity  n.模糊,晦涩,隐蔽
formulate  v. ①系统地阐述②规划(制度等),构想出(计划、方法等)
[同义]makeexplain
[同根] formulation    n.系统而确切的陈述或说明
organism   n.生物体,有机体
entrench   v. ①确立,使处于牢固地位②用壕沟围住
[词组]entrench oneself进入壕沟驻守,()使自己处于稳固地位
dignity   n.尊严,高贵
[同根]dignified   a.高贵的,有尊严的
[词组]beneath/below ones dignity损害尊严,有失身份
    lose ones dignity丢面子
     stand on ones dignity保持自己的尊严
autonomous  a.自治的
[同义]self-governing
[同根]autonomy   n.自治,自治权,自主权
    autonomtst   n.主张自治制者,自治论者


They are the possessions of the autonomous (self-governing) man of traditional theory, and they're essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.
首先 这句话里有两个并列句。后者又套用了一个定语从句,接着再跟了一个目的状语从句


[ 本帖最后由 superjiejieai 于 2008-6-7 07:26 PM 编辑 ]
1

评分人数

路要一步一步往前走,山要一点一点往上爬
http://s.click.alimama.com/a/qXMXdfxn7UI=-13275112

TOP

z占位            电脑好慢

involvement   n.卷人,牵连
draw from 从…中获得,得到
state of mind心境,心情,思想状态
trait  n. 特征,特点,特性
obscure  a.①模糊的,晦涩的,费解的②昏暗的,朦胧的v.搞混,使难理解
obscurity  n.模糊,晦涩,隐蔽
prescientific   a. 科学以前的,近代科学出现前的
entrench   v. ①确立,使处于牢固地位②用壕沟围住
dignity   n.尊严,高贵


[ 本帖最后由 pms0402 于 2008-6-8 10:07 PM 编辑 ]
人生在于不断地追求!

TOP

哈哈  在第一页么  学习 学习

TOP

占位

TOP

返回列表 回复 发帖 ‹‹ 上一主题 | 下一主题 ››

站长推荐 关闭


2011NBF考研政治包过班

连续多年押题高居全国第一,2010考研全国仅有NBF考研包过班押中“真理与谬误”等试题,万元奖励会员核实,一字不符奖励一万元人民币!


查看

NBF考研真题中心,几十万份真题,真正免费,完全公益!